India’s ports have recently achieved remarkable milestones in cargo handling and sustainability, significantly enhancing their global standing. With continued investments in infrastructure, technological advancements, and eco-friendly practices, India’s maritime sector is poised to emerge as a leader in global trade. These developments not only improve operational efficiency but also contribute to the country’s sustainability goals, setting a new benchmark for the industry. As India’s ports embrace innovation, they pave the way for a more resilient and sustainable logistics ecosystem.
Significant Growth in Cargo Handling
India’s major ports have witnessed impressive growth in cargo handling, reinforcing their role as critical components of the global trade network. In the first half of FY 2024-25, the Visakhapatnam Port Authority (VPA) recorded a 6% increase in cargo handling. The port processed 41.79 million metric tons (MMTs), up from 39.60 MMTs during the same period last year. This remarkable growth is attributed to the handling of key commodities such as crude oil, LPG, and coal. Moreover, VPA’s digital transformation has played a pivotal role in improving communication and operational efficiency. Through the implementation of the National Logistics Portal (Marine), the port has streamlined its processes, fostering smoother interactions between stakeholders.
Meanwhile, India’s major ports collectively handled approximately 819 million metric tons of cargo in FY 2024. This marked a 4.5% increase compared to the previous year. The surge in cargo volumes can be attributed to increased investments in port infrastructure, the adoption of digital solutions, and enhanced private sector participation. In addition to this, the reduction in ship turnaround times by 9% and the 7.5% increase in daily output per vessel highlight the ongoing efforts to improve operational efficiency across Indian ports.
Pioneering Sustainability Initiatives
Sustainability has become a central focus for Indian ports, with several institutions leading the charge towards greener operations. Visakhapatnam Port has emerged as the first major port in India to operate entirely on solar power. It commissioned a 10 MW solar power project and has also installed additional rooftop solar plants. Furthermore, the port replaced conventional street lamps with energy-efficient LEDs, contributing to significant reductions in energy consumption. In a broader push for sustainability, Visakhapatnam Port has developed a green belt spanning 630 acres and initiated a one-million plantation drive.
Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone (APSEZ) has also earned recognition for its sustainability efforts. The company was ranked among the top 10 transportation and infrastructure companies globally in the S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Rankings for 2024. As the only Indian firm in this prestigious list, APSEZ’s commitment to sustainable practices is evident in its operational strategies and initiatives.
Additionally, the Indian government is actively supporting the transition to green shipping. The government aims to shift all coastal and inland waterway shipping to renewable energy sources within the next five years. This ambitious plan aligns with India’s broader goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2070. A key aspect of this initiative is the development of green hydrogen hubs at ports like Kandla, Thoothukudi, and Paradip. These hubs will target the production of 5 million metric tons of green hydrogen annually by 2030.
Modernization Drives Port Efficiency
The modernization of India’s port infrastructure has been another critical factor contributing to improved cargo handling capacity and efficiency. Over 98 modernization projects, valued at over INR 32,000 crores, have been completed, expanding the country’s annual port capacity by more than 230 million metric tons per annum (MTPA). The cargo handling capacity at major ports has more than doubled over the past decade, reaching 1,630 MTPA by March 2024.
One of the key initiatives driving port efficiency is the Sagarmala Programme, launched by the Indian government. This flagship programme seeks to promote port-led development by leveraging India’s vast coastline and extensive network of inland waterways. The Sagarmala Programme aims to reduce logistics costs and improve the competitiveness of Indian exports, thus enhancing India’s position in global trade. Through these concerted efforts, India’s ports are poised to become more competitive and efficient, contributing significantly to the nation’s economic growth.
Conclusion: India’s Ports Lead the Way in Global Trade
India’s ports have set a new benchmark in cargo handling and sustainability. Demonstrating the country’s commitment to modernizing its infrastructure and fostering sustainable practices. These efforts are not only improving operational efficiencies but also positioning India as a global leader in maritime trade. With continued investments and policy support. India’s ports are well on their way to achieving even greater success in the years ahead. As the nation’s maritime infrastructure evolves, it will play a crucial role in supporting India’s economic ambitions on the global stage.
